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/**
* @file PatchWork.cpp
*
* Sorted list evaluated non-overlaping patches
*/

#include "PatchWork.h"
#include <Tools/ColorClasses.h>

using namespace naoth;

void PatchWork::subsampling(const Image& image, std::vector<unsigned char>& result, int x0, int y0, int x1, int y1, int size) 
{
  x0 = std::max(0, x0);
  y0 = std::max(0, y0);
  x1 = std::min((int)image.width()-1, x1);
  y1 = std::min((int)image.height()-1, y1);

  result.resize(size*size);

  double width_step = static_cast<double>(x1 - x0) / static_cast<double>(size);
  double height_step = static_cast<double>(y1 - y0) / static_cast<double>(size);

  int xi = 0;
  
  for(double x = x0 + width_step/2.0; x < x1; x += width_step) 
  {
    int yi = 0;
    for(double y = y0 + height_step/2.0; y < y1; y += height_step) 
    {
      unsigned char yy = image.getY((int)(x + 0.5), (int)(y + 0.5));
      result[xi*size + yi] = yy;
      yi++;
    }
    xi++;
  }
}

void PatchWork::subsampling(const Image& image, const FieldColorPercept& fielColorPercept, std::vector<BallCandidates::ClassifiedPixel>& result, int x0, int y0, int x1, int y1, int size) 
{
  x0 = std::max(0, x0);
  y0 = std::max(0, y0);
  x1 = std::min((int)image.width()-1, x1);
  y1 = std::min((int)image.height()-1, y1);

  result.resize(size*size);

  double width_step = static_cast<double>(x1 - x0) / static_cast<double>(size);
  double height_step = static_cast<double>(y1 - y0) / static_cast<double>(size);

  int xi = 0;
  
  for(double x = x0 + width_step/2.0; x < x1; x += width_step) 
  {
    int yi = 0;
    for(double y = y0 + height_step/2.0; y < y1; y += height_step) 
    {
      BallCandidates::ClassifiedPixel& p = result[xi*size + yi];
      image.get((int)(x + 0.5), (int)(y + 0.5), p.pixel);

      if(fielColorPercept.greenHSISeparator.noColor(p.pixel)) {
        p.c = (unsigned char)ColorClasses::white;
      } else if(fielColorPercept.greenHSISeparator.isChroma(p.pixel)) {
        p.c = (unsigned char)ColorClasses::green;
      } else {
        p.c = (unsigned char)ColorClasses::none;
      }

      yi++;
    }
    xi++;
  }
}

void PatchWork::multiplyBrightness(double factor, std::vector<unsigned char>& patch) {
  if(factor == 1.0) {
    // nothing to do
    return;
  }
  for(unsigned int i = 0; i < patch.size(); i++) {
    double originalY = patch[i];
    double multipliedY = originalY * factor;
    double clippedY = Math::clamp(multipliedY, 0.0, 255.0);
    patch[i] = (unsigned char) Math::round(clippedY);
  }
}

void PatchWork::multiplyBrightness(double factor, BallCandidates::PatchYUVClassified& patch) {
  if(factor == 1.0) {
    // nothing to do
    return;
  }
  for(unsigned int i = 0; i < patch.data.size(); i++) 
  {
    double originalY = patch.data[i].pixel.y;
    double multipliedY = originalY * factor;
    double clippedY = Math::clamp(multipliedY, 0.0, 255.0);
    patch.data[i].pixel.y = (unsigned char) Math::round(clippedY);
  }
}

void PatchWork::toPatch(const BallCandidates::PatchYUVClassified &src, BallCandidates::Patch &target)
{
  target.data.clear();;
  target.min = src.min;
  target.max = src.max;
  for(std::vector<BallCandidates::ClassifiedPixel>::const_iterator it=src.data.begin();
      it != src.data.end(); it++)
  {
    const BallCandidates::ClassifiedPixel& origPixel = *it;
    target.data.push_back(origPixel.pixel.y);
  }
}

BallCandidates::PatchesList PatchWork::toPatchList(const BallCandidates::PatchYUVClassifiedList &src)
{
  std::list<BallCandidates::Patch> result;
  for(BallCandidates::PatchYUVClassifiedList::const_iterator it=src.begin();
      it != src.end(); it++)
  {
    BallCandidates::Patch p;
    toPatch(*it, p);
    result.push_back(p);
  }
  return result;
}


double PatchWork::calculateContrast(const BallCandidates::PatchYUVClassified& patch)
{
  // average of all non green pixel
  double avg = 0;
  double cnt = 0;
  for(const BallCandidates::ClassifiedPixel& p: patch.data) {
    if(p.c != ColorClasses::green) {
      avg += p.pixel.y;
      cnt++;
    }
  }
    
  // we got only green ?!
  if(cnt == 0) { 
    return 0; 
  }

  // expected value -> average/mean
  avg /= cnt;

  // variance of all non green pixel
  double variance = 0;
  for(const BallCandidates::ClassifiedPixel& p: patch.data) {
    if(p.c != ColorClasses::green) {
      double t = static_cast<double>(p.pixel.y) - avg;
      variance += t*t;
    }
  }

  return std::sqrt(variance / cnt);
}

double PatchWork::calculateContrastIterative(const BallCandidates::PatchYUVClassified& patch)
{
  double K = -1; // inidicating first pixel
  double n = 0;
  double sum_ = 0;
  double sum_sqr = 0;
    
  for(const BallCandidates::ClassifiedPixel& p: patch.data) {
    if(p.c != ColorClasses::green) {
      if(K == -1) { 
        K = p.pixel.y; 
      }
      n++;
      sum_ += p.pixel.y - K;
      sum_sqr += (p.pixel.y-K)*(p.pixel.y-K);
    }
  }

  // make sure we got some none-green pixels!
  if(n == 0) {
    return 0;
  }

  return std::sqrt((sum_sqr - (sum_ * sum_)/n)/(n));
}

double PatchWork::calculateContrastIterative2nd(const BallCandidates::PatchYUVClassified& patch)
{
  double n = 0;
  double mean = 0.0;
  double M2 = 0.0;

  for(const BallCandidates::ClassifiedPixel& p: patch.data) {
    if(p.c != ColorClasses::green) {
      n++;
      double delta = p.pixel.y - mean;
      mean += delta/n;
      double delta2 = p.pixel.y - mean;
      M2 += delta*delta2;
    }
  }

  // make sure we got some none-green pixels!
  if(n < 2) {
    return 0;
  }

  return std::sqrt(M2 / (n-1));
}


double PatchWork::calculateContrast(const Image& image,  const FieldColorPercept& fielColorPercept, int x0, int y0, int x1, int y1, int size)
{
    x0 = std::max(0, x0);
    y0 = std::max(0, y0);
    x1 = std::min((int)image.width()-1, x1);
    y1 = std::min((int)image.height()-1, y1);

    double width_step = static_cast<double>(x1 - x0) / static_cast<double>(size);
    double height_step = static_cast<double>(y1 - y0) / static_cast<double>(size);

    double avg = 0;
    double cnt = 0;
    BallCandidates::ClassifiedPixel p;

    for(double x = x0 + width_step/2.0; x < x1; x += width_step)
    {
        for(double y = y0 + height_step/2.0; y < y1; y += height_step)
        {
            image.get((int)(x + 0.5), (int)(y + 0.5), p.pixel);
            if(!fielColorPercept.greenHSISeparator.isColor(p.pixel)) { // no green!
                avg += p.pixel.y;
                cnt++;
            }
        }
    }

    // we got only green ?!
    if(cnt == 0) { return 0; }

    // expected value -> average/mean
    avg /= cnt;

    double variance = 0;
    for(double x = x0 + width_step/2.0; x < x1; x += width_step)
    {
        for(double y = y0 + height_step/2.0; y < y1; y += height_step)
        {
            image.get((int)(x + 0.5), (int)(y + 0.5), p.pixel);
            if(!fielColorPercept.greenHSISeparator.isColor(p.pixel)) { // green!
                auto t = p.pixel.y;
                variance += (t-avg)*(t-avg);
            }
        }
    }
    variance /= cnt;
    return std::sqrt(variance);
}

double PatchWork::calculateContrastIterative(const Image& image,  const FieldColorPercept& fielColorPercept, int x0, int y0, int x1, int y1, int size)
{
    x0 = std::max(0, x0);
    y0 = std::max(0, y0);
    x1 = std::min((int)image.width()-1, x1);
    y1 = std::min((int)image.height()-1, y1);

    double width_step = static_cast<double>(x1 - x0) / static_cast<double>(size);
    double height_step = static_cast<double>(y1 - y0) / static_cast<double>(size);

    double K = -1; // inidicating first pixel
    double n = 0;
    double sum_ = 0;
    double sum_sqr = 0;
    BallCandidates::ClassifiedPixel p;

    for(double x = x0 + width_step/2.0; x < x1; x += width_step)
    {
        for(double y = y0 + height_step/2.0; y < y1; y += height_step)
        {
            image.get((int)(x + 0.5), (int)(y + 0.5), p.pixel);
            if(!fielColorPercept.greenHSISeparator.isColor(p.pixel)) { // no green!
                if(K == -1) { K = p.pixel.y; }
                n++;
                sum_ += p.pixel.y - K;
                sum_sqr += (p.pixel.y-K)*(p.pixel.y-K);
            }
        }
    }

    // make sure we got some none-green pixels!
    if(n == 0) {
        return 0;
    }

    return std::sqrt((sum_sqr - (sum_ * sum_)/n)/(n));
}

double PatchWork::calculateContrastIterative2nd(const Image& image,  const FieldColorPercept& fielColorPercept, int x0, int y0, int x1, int y1, int size)
{
    x0 = std::max(0, x0);
    y0 = std::max(0, y0);
    x1 = std::min((int)image.width()-1, x1);
    y1 = std::min((int)image.height()-1, y1);

    double width_step = static_cast<double>(x1 - x0) / static_cast<double>(size);
    double height_step = static_cast<double>(y1 - y0) / static_cast<double>(size);

    double n = 0;
    double mean = 0.0;
    double M2 = 0.0;
    BallCandidates::ClassifiedPixel p;

    for(double x = x0 + width_step/2.0; x < x1; x += width_step)
    {
        for(double y = y0 + height_step/2.0; y < y1; y += height_step)
        {
            image.get((int)(x + 0.5), (int)(y + 0.5), p.pixel);
            if(!fielColorPercept.greenHSISeparator.isColor(p.pixel)) { // no green!
                n++;
                double delta = p.pixel.y - mean;
                mean += delta/n;
                double delta2 = p.pixel.y - mean;
                M2 += delta*delta2;
            }
        }
    }

    // make sure we got some none-green pixels!
    if(n < 2) {
        return 0;
    }

    return std::sqrt(M2 / (n-1));
}